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In vitro assessment of the effectiveness of powder disinfectant (Stalosan F) against Lawsonia intracellularis using two different assays.

September 17, 2009
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  The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro efficacy of Stalosan F, a mixed chemical and heavy metal disinfectant, against two strains of Lawsonia intracellularis using both a modified tissue culture and a direct count method. For testing as a powder, 1g, 0.5g, or 0.25g of Stalosan F was applied to…

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In vitro antimicrobial activity against 10 North American and European Lawsonia intracellularis isolates

September 17, 2009
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The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antimicrobials against 10 isolates of Lawsonia intracellularis, the etiological agent of proliferative enteropathy (PE). Antimicrobials tested included carbadox, chlortetracycline, lincomycin, tiamulin, tylosin and valnemulin. The MIC of each antimicrobial against L. intracellularis was determined using a tissue culture system…

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Virulence genotypes and phylogenetic background of fluoroquinolone-resistant and susceptible Escherichia coli urine isolates from dogs with urinary tract infection

September 17, 2009
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The origins and virulence potential of fluoroquinolone-resistant (FQ-R) Escherichia coli from dogs with urinary tract infection (UTI) are undefined. Therefore, fluoroquinolone-resistant (n=38) or susceptible (n=62) E. coli urine isolates from dogs with UTI were characterized for phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, D) and 61 virulence-associated genes by multiplex PCR, then were compared according to these…

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Effects of therapeutic ceftiofur administration in dairy cattle on Escherichia coli dynamics in the intestinal tract

September 17, 2008
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Singer RS, Patterson SK, Wallace RL Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74(22):6956-62 The goal of this study was to follow ceftiofur-treated and untreated cattle in a normally functioning dairy to examine enteric Escherichia coli for changes in antibiotic resistance profiles and genetic diversity. Prior to treatment, all of the bacteria cultured from the cows were susceptible…

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Evaluating the effects of chlortetracycline on the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in a simulated river water ecosystem

September 17, 2007
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  Antibiotics and antibiotic metabolites have been found in the environment, but the biological activities of these compounds are uncertain, especially given the low levels that are typically detected in the environment. The objective of this study was to estimate the selection potential of chlortetracycline (CTC) on the antibiotic resistance of aerobic bacterial populations in…

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Modeling the relationship between food animal health and human foodborne illness

September 17, 2007
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To achieve further reductions in foodborne illness levels in humans, effective pre-harvest interventions are needed. The health status of food animals that are destined to enter the human food supply chain may be an important, although often overlooked, factor in predicting the risk of human foodborne infections. The health status of food animals can potentially…

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Can landscape ecology untangle the complexity of antibiotic resistance?

September 17, 2006
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Bacterial resistance to antibiotics continues to pose a serious threat to human and animal health. Given the considerable spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the distribution of resistance and the factors that affect its evolution, dissemination and persistence, we argue that antibiotic resistance must be viewed as an ecological problem. A fundamental difficulty in assessing the…

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